If the fumes are too strong for you, consider opening a window or turning a fan on.
If you are working outside, avoid windy days, otherwise tiny dust particles may land in the wet varnish and ruin the finished look.
Oil-based varnishes, including some polyurethane varnishes, are very durable. They usually have to be mixed with a paint thinner, such as turpentine. They also have strong fumes and must be used in a well-ventilated area. The brushes you use must also be cleaned well in order to preserve them and make them last longer. Acrylic and water-based vanishes have low-odor and can be mixed with just water. They tend to dry quicker than oil-based varnishes, but they are not as durable as oil-based varnishes. The brushes you use can be cleaned with just soap and water. Spray on varnishes are easy to use. They do not require brushes and they do not need to be thinned. They must be used in a well-ventilated area, however, as they have strong fumes, which might make you feel lightheaded or nauseous. Varnishes are also available in both clear and tinted forms. Clear varnishes will allow the wood’s natural color to show through while colored varnishes can act as a stain and tint the piece a specific color.
If your wooden furniture has never been painted or varnished, or if you wish to preserve the original paint, then you can proceed to Step 5.
Be sure to remove any paint stripper residue. How you remove the residue will depend on the type of paint stripper you buy, but most strippers will need to be removed with turpentine or water.
You can use a contrasting color to make the grain appear more pronounced, or you can use a similar color to make the grain appear more subdued. [7] X Research source
If you are using an oil-based varnish, thin it with a paint thinner, such as turpentine. Use one part varnish to one part thinner. If you are using a water-based or acrylic-based varnish, thin it with water instead. Use one part varnish to one part water.
If you are using a spray on varnish, hold the can 6 to 8 inches away from the surface and spray on a light, even coat. Let it dry according to the manufacturer’s recommendations.
Make sure that you wipe down your work space with a damp cloth to get rid of any dust caused by the sanding. Make sure that you clean your brush with paint thinner (if you are using an oil-based varnish) or water (if you are using a water-based varnish).
If you are using a spray on varnish, you can spray on another coat. Make sure to keep the can 6 to 8 inches away from the surface, and spray on a single, light coat. If you spray the varnish on too thickly, you may end up with puddles, drips, and runs.
You can continue working with 320-grit sandpaper, or move up to 400-grit. [11] X Research source For optimal results, consider waiting 48 hours before applying the final coat.
